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Home › Vegetables › What is needed to germinate beans at home, how many days does it take to sprout
Proper germination of beans helps to quickly get healthy shoots and reap a bountiful harvest. To achieve excellent results, you need to take into account a number of recommendations. Since many novice farmers and gardeners are interested in how to germinate beans, this article will tell you about it.
Why do you sprout beans? Is it necessary to do this?
Sprouting beans before planting in the soil helps deactivate phytic acid. This component is always present in fruits and is an inhibitor of food enzymes. After the sprouts appear, the planting material loses this useless element.
Germination of bean seeds leads to the rapid transformation of complex protein ingredients into simple amino acids. This process also provokes the decomposition of complex sugar. As a result, the process of assimilation of the product is simplified.
Important! When planting beans or peas after germination, the content of vitamins necessary for the body increases in the product.
The product will contain more vitamins B, A, E, K, D.
For planting in open ground
Experts advise planting seed on the garden bed only after germination. The main reason for the procedure is the presence of thick skin on legumes. The beans are covered with a durable film. It can prevent sprouts from breaking through from the middle to the outside. This leads to average or even low germination of the crop.
In addition, the procedure helps determine the final number of crops. This will help avoid wasting time on reseeding. In addition, it is not always possible to replace plants, since by the time sprouts appear on the surface, the appropriate time for planting work has usually passed. That’s why to get a full harvest you need to know how to properly germinate beans.
Most often, the procedure is performed before planting the crop in open ground.
For seedlings
When growing seedlings, it is also necessary to germinate beans. In this case, you should follow a step-by-step sequence of actions:
- You need to place damp toilet paper on the film, and place bean grains on top;
- cover the beans with another moistened layer of paper and roll everything into a roll;
- To germinate the seeds, place the roll in a container with water - this should be done from the empty edge.
Note! Already on the 5th day the first shoots will appear. However, it is permissible to move them to the garden bed only after 1-2 weeks.
For food
You can sprout beans to use the plant in cooking. Juicy and green sprouts saturate the body with valuable substances and contribute to its healing. To achieve good results, you need to wait 4-5 days. After this, you need to remove the skin from the grains and you can start eating this food.
Sprouted beans can be used in cooking
Reviews
Marina, 25 years old:
I sprout beans for food. They help you feel full and prevent you from gaining extra pounds. With their help, I have already lost 3 kg without any effort.
Elena, 35 years old:
At school, my daughter was asked to do an experiment on sprouting beans. We sprouted it in a jar with moistened cotton wool, and then recorded all the changes with the beans in the photo. It turned out to be very exciting.
Obtaining sprouts from beans speeds up the ripening of the crop and allows for uniform plant shoots. Sprouted beans are especially useful as a dietary food. They provide a lot of protein, promote weight loss and improve the condition of certain diseases.
Preparatory work for sprouting beans
Many people are interested in how to germinate beans at home. To carry out this procedure, you need to perform a number of sequential actions.
First you need to buy or collect beans. It is best to give preference to varieties that are adapted to a specific growing region. If you plan to eat sprouted grains, you should choose white varieties - mung bean and mung.
What do you need to germinate bean seeds?
Before starting the process, it is recommended to sort the seeds well. Do not use wrinkled or damaged grains for planting. Also, beans with traces of mold or symptoms of rotting will not be suitable for this purpose.
All debris must be removed from the grains. After choosing the appropriate variety and selecting the seed, you need to decide on the germination method. Today there are different methods, each of which has certain advantages and disadvantages.
Part I: Preparation
For the experiment, we chose red bean seeds to see how the color of the seeds would change during the germination process. We measured the beans and looked inside
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More details
The beans bought at the nearest store turned out to be approximately the same size, about one and a half centimeters. Each of them can be split into two halves - cotyledons - these are nutrients for the future sprout until it gets stronger. The photo shows a plant embryo with a pair of leaves. The cotyledons and embryo are covered with a dense membrane. The inside of the cotyledon is the same color in both white and colored beans. The only difference is the color of the shell and the size of the beans.
We will have three samples participating in the experiment: Sample 1 - will simply lie in the light and heat. Sample 2 – will lie in a glass of water. Sample 3 – will lie on a piece of cotton wool moistened with water. Thus, we will find out which conditions are best for bean germination.
How to germinate beans at home for planting in open ground
In order for beans to germinate, they need to be provided with optimal conditions. First of all, you need to decide on the method of carrying out the procedure. To do this you can do the following:
- Soak a cloth in warm water and place it on a tray or plate. Place the grains on half of the napkin. This should be done in 1 layer. Then cover with the other half of the cut. You can use 2 pieces of cloth. It is important to keep the fabric damp at all times. Otherwise, there is a high probability of embryo death. You should not pour too much water, as this will trigger the onset of rotting processes. To prevent the formation of dangerous plaque, the fabric must be periodically washed with water.
- Take plastic and toilet paper. In this case, the cellophane roll should be 7-10 cm in width and 35 cm in length. Place toilet paper on the film and moisten it with water. Step back 1 cm from the edge, place the seeds at intervals of 0.5-1 cm. After this, cover the grains with paper and sprinkle it with water. Roll the film and place the free edge in a container filled with a small amount of liquid. Sprouts appear after 5-7 days.
- Place the beans in a container and leave for 3-4 hours in water at room temperature. After this, they need to be pulled out, washed and placed back in the jar. Cover the top of the container with gauze. Before the formation of the first sprout, it is recommended to periodically rinse the beans. This should be done twice a day.
- Take cotton balls or disks and place them in a glass bowl, place bean seeds on top and moisten them. For this purpose, it is permissible to use a syringe. Sprouts will appear within a day.
You can use cotton pads to germinate grains.
Important! You can plant grains in open ground when the embryos grow to 1-2 mm.
At the same time, you should ensure that the soil is filled with nutrients and has a loose structure.
Harvest and storage
Beans are picked for food when the beans in the pods grow to 3-4 mm. During this period, the seeds have a delicate consistency; they are used to prepare stews, soups, and added to first and second courses. Store green pods in the refrigerator.
Harvesting for the winter begins at the stage of full maturity of the pods. Features of bean harvesting:
- Bush beans are harvested in two or three steps, as the pods ripen together. Climbing varieties bear fruit for 1.5-2 months, until the coldest weather. The pods are collected every week.
- The timing of harvesting depends on the variety and its early maturity: early varieties are ready for harvesting after 50 days of the growing season;
- mid-season - after 70 days;
- late ripening - after 100 days.
It is recommended to cut bean bushes at the root, rather than pull them out, so that nodule bacteria remain in the soil, enriching it with nitrogen.
Store shelled beans in a dry place, placing them in a suitable container:
- fabric bags;
- paper bags;
- glass jars;
- plastic bottles.
To prevent grain beetles from infesting the beans, it is recommended to roast them in the oven at 90°C. Processing time is no more than 5 minutes.
Growing beans using seedlings requires a little more effort from the gardener than when sowing seeds in open ground. But this method allows, in regions with short summers, to pick the first pods 2-3 weeks earlier than with the non-seedling method of growing.
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Follow-up care for sprouted beans
Beans are a popular garden plant. If you plan to grow a crop in the garden after the sprouts appear, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic rules for caring for it:
- Beans are considered a very heat-loving crop that does not tolerate frost well. Therefore, it is permissible to plant grains in open ground no earlier than the first half of May. At the same time, the culture needs a bright and open place where it can receive a lot of sun and heat.
- The plant requires light soil. Therefore, before planting, it needs to be loosened a little. Despite the fact that beans are considered a moisture-loving plant, it is important to avoid stagnation of liquid in the beds. Therefore, it is worthwhile to provide a complete drainage layer.
- Seeds should be planted to a depth of 5 cm. It is recommended to do this in holes or furrows. It is recommended to put a little compost on the bottom first. This will saturate the young bushes with the required amount of useful elements. The soil should be well moistened before planting seeds. To do this you need to use warm water.
- Most varieties of beans belong to the category of climbing plants that need high-quality supports. For this, it is permissible to use wooden slats. They need to be placed at an angle to each other and secured with a crossbar. When the crop grows to 2 m, the vines need to be pinched. This will help maintain enough strength to ripen large fruits.
- To grow a strong bush, beans should be fed a month after planting in the soil. For this purpose, it is best to use a combined mineral preparation. Its volume should be 40 g per 1 square meter of bed. It is recommended to mix fertilizers with the soil when loosening. During drought there is a risk of nitrogen deficiency. To feed in such a situation, you need to use a little bird droppings.
- One of the important conditions for obtaining a good harvest is proper watering. All legumes need sufficient water. It is especially important when ripening pods appear. Watering the beds is required between rows. At the same time, you should avoid getting water on the foliage. Otherwise, there is a risk of fungi appearing. It is best to use rainwater for irrigation. At the same time, you need to water the bushes in the morning. It is necessary to moisten the soil rarely, but abundantly. If there is average rainfall, this should be done once a week.
Proper watering is considered one of the important conditions for obtaining a good harvest.
The first day
The first day has passed. There are no visible changes in sample No. 1. The beans in sample No. 2 increased in size to two centimeters, and the color became paler. In sample No. 3, the beans also increased in size. On the side in contact with the wet cotton wool, the beans swelled more and the color became pale, as in the 2nd sample.
We cut the bean from the 3rd sample and immediately noticed that the root of the embryo became thicker and the leaves increased in size. The bean skin has become softer.
Second day
The second day has passed. We didn't see any big changes. The 1st sample has not changed at all. The 2nd and 3rd samples increased slightly. The water turned slightly pinkish from the bean skin dye. We cut the bean from the 3rd sample. The root of the embryo became a little larger and, after cutting the peel, began to stick out a little to the side.
Day four
In the third sample, two more beans hatched! Yesterday's roots had greatly increased in size, and the skin around them began to tear. The first and second samples are still without visible changes.
Required soil
Planting green beans
You need to plant beans in a well-lit place protected from drafts. They are planted in the garden at the end of May, when the weather is warm even at night.
This is a light-loving plant, so you need to leave at least 20 cm between rows.
This is interesting: How to save legumes until spring: 5 ways to store beans
It is better to plant climbing varieties along a fence or next to corn, in a potato bed, but you need to provide support in time. Bush varieties of asparagus are planted on paths or in beds.
Day three
The first sample exceeded all our expectations. During the night it rose another 5 centimeters, and during the day the first pair of leaves unfurled, the leaves became larger and the color darker. Between the first pair of leaves there was a sprout for further growth. Through the glass of the jar, the elongated roots of the white plant are visible. In the second sample, the bean barely rose in the ground. Compared to the first sample, the lag is two days. The third sample never changed.
The first day
One day has passed since the sprouted beans were planted in the ground. There are no big changes yet. We planted the beans shallowly, so it is possible that the beans were slightly exposed as a result of the heavy watering.
Second day
Yesterday, when we photographed the first sample, a tiny edge of a bean could be seen between the lumps of earth. And this evening a sprout 8 cm high grew in this place! It's amazing! Such progress in just one day of light! The first pair of leaves are well formed and ready to open. The cotyledons began to shrink. In the second and third samples, the beans barely emerged from the ground. The development of sprouts occurs with a noticeable lag.
Regions of growth
Mentions of the cultivation of green beans in Europe date back to the 16th century. Before that, it was grown in South and Central America. The indigenous population of these regions believed that beans had healing properties. Decoctions using it were widely used in cosmetology.
In Russia, asparagus beans were used to decorate gazebos and front gardens and flower beds, considering it an exclusively decorative crop. They began to eat green beans as food only in the 18th-19th centuries. Currently, the crop is cultivated almost everywhere, using different cultivation methods: in the southern regions it is cultivated using seedlings, and in cooler regions - through seedlings.
Day three
The third day has passed. And in our third sample, two beans hatched! The first and second samples are still without visible changes.
Day four
In the first sample, the first pair of leaves increased. The cotyledons gradually dry out and are about to fall off. The root system has grown and filled the free space in the jar. The sprout in the second sample was never able to rise above the ground. In the third sample, growth stopped completely.
conclusions
For plant growth, it is very important that there is plenty of sunlight, warmth and moisture. When all three conditions are met, the sprout very quickly strengthens in the soil and opens its leaves in a matter of hours. From this moment on, the plant can independently obtain nutrients and water through the root system and obtain energy through photosynthesis in the leaves.
Look in fast motion at how our sprout grew. First, it grew roots, absorbed moisture and nutrients from the soil, and then quickly developed a strong stem with the first pair of leaves.
