Family farming
Each family has certain material needs, such as housing, food, household items, clothing and equipment. Also, each family member has personal needs that are different from the others. To satisfy all the numerous family needs, each family has certain property and monetary savings. It is customary to distinguish several types of property in a family:
- Real estate is a house, apartment or any other residential premises, a plot of land, unfinished buildings. Real estate is the most valuable and expensive property of a family; usually family members save money for a long time to purchase it.
- Industrial property is the property of a family that generates income, with the help of which family members earn money. While almost everyone has real estate, not every family has industrial property.
- The family's industrial assets include: a factory, a bakery, a photo workshop, a sewing workshop, and a shoe repair shop.
- Vehicles – car, bicycle, motorcycle, moped and others.
- Items for use - clothing, shoes, hygiene products, household goods, stationery.
- Household appliances and furniture - vacuum cleaner, refrigerator, wardrobe, TV, bed, microwave, toaster.
The same needs differ in rational, false, material and spiritual.
From time to time, every family faces expenses, such as: buying real estate, cars, equipment, furniture, clothes. The quantity, quality of property and family income are directly related. Families with higher incomes can purchase real estate more often and allow themselves to buy expensive things and luxury items. The property of a low-income family (a family with a small income) is not rich; as a rule, poor families are deprived of the opportunity to purchase real estate, vehicles, furniture, and even the proper amount of clothing and food. However, there is a way through which even poor families acquire new property - they save money (they do not spend all the money at once, but save some of it to buy something).
Cleaning
To keep your home always clean and comfortable, you need to learn how to clean properly. But first you need to make a start - carry out a general cleaning of the entire apartment, in all closets and storage rooms. During spring cleaning, trash and things that cannot be repaired are mercilessly thrown away. If an item has not been used for a couple of years, then you should get rid of it, as it only collects dust and takes up space.
Next, for each item in the house you need to determine a permanent place. Things should not lie on sofas and armchairs - all clothes should be put away in the closet. Take this as a rule - every thing should have its own place. Then you won't have to spend a whole weekend cleaning your house every week.
So, how to properly clean? First, remove dust from the ceiling, corners, and cabinet lids. Also, chandeliers are wiped first. It is enough to do this once a month. Expert opinion Lyubov Korshunova Experienced housewife. Ask a question to an expert If there are several rooms in the house, then the bedrooms are cleaned first. Then they put things in order in the hall, and the kitchen and bathroom are washed last.
Proper use of special detergents greatly facilitates the work of a housewife. It is much easier to wipe the glass with a glass cleaner, and if you wipe the furniture with a special polish, then dust will not settle on it for a long time. Any stains or dirt can be removed using modern stain removers in a couple of minutes.
Many housewives hang organizers for small items in the bathroom and kitchen. It is very comfortable. Scissors, notebooks, combs, shoehorns can be stored in such systems.
Care and education in the family
One of the main characteristics of a family is joint work and housekeeping. Family, home is a school of labor skills, and not only for adults, but above all for children. And parents become the first mentors. Joint work helps to satisfy the needs necessary for life, among which there are vital ones - food, clothing, housing, and rest. No less important for a person are the needs for communication and creativity. The well-being of any family directly depends on the work of all its members. Despite the fact that families vary in their composition, abilities and opportunities for participation in joint affairs, this does not negate the distribution of duties and responsibilities. The main key to success is the desire of each family member to invest their efforts in creating home comfort and well-being.
What are the benefits of remuneration?
There are several of them:
The child realizes that he has property that he can dispose of at his discretion
In this case, it is recommended to discuss this point with the child and explain to him how important it is to manage finances correctly. Free labor is exploitation
You don't work for free for a boss you treat very well. When you demand that a child do something out of love for you, you show him the insignificance of love. You seem to be saying that you evaluate love at the level of market relations.
Of course, not all families agree with this position. Most parents in our country will find many reasons explaining why they should never pay their child for household chores. With the slightest mistake, you really run the risk of raising a person who will evaluate all his good deeds in monetary terms.
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Distribution of responsibilities in the family
Housekeeping is directly related to the distribution of responsibilities among family members. Each of them has certain duties that he must perform. This separation is necessary because women, men, and children have different physical characteristics, abilities, and opportunities for housekeeping. The main work responsibilities in the family are distributed between husband and wife. The husband's main responsibility is to work to provide a livelihood for his wife and children.
The man is also engaged in repair work and performing heavy work that requires the application of a certain physical strength. The wife’s responsibilities in the family are to maintain order in the house, iron, wash, clean and cook, look after the children and raise them. She deals with household expenses, distribution of material resources, and provision of food. A child’s responsibilities in the family include helping parents and studying, and following basic self-care rules, such as cleaning his own bed and cleaning his own shoes.
If elderly relatives live with parents and children, their household responsibilities in the family are minimal, since it is more difficult for older people to move around, clean the house and perform any other work activity.
The above distribution of responsibilities is written only conditionally, since each family sets its own rules regarding housekeeping. In modern times, families are often found in which the woman is engaged exclusively in work, building her own career, and the man keeps order in the house and the children. However, if each family member does not fulfill the duties assigned to him, the family economy will decline.
Family budget
A family budget is necessary when running a family household. Usually it is drawn up for a week, a month or even a year, depending on the wishes of family members. Maintaining a family budget involves calculating all family income and drawing up a spending plan for a certain period of time.
The part of the family budget income that remains after satisfying all basic needs and was set aside separately is called cash savings.
Savings are a necessity, since thanks to them the family can sometimes purchase expensive things, go on vacation to distant countries, and pay for expensive services (wedding services, funeral services, etc.). In addition, cash savings are needed in case of unforeseen circumstances, if suddenly one of the household members loses his job, becomes seriously ill, or has an accident.
A separate part of the family budget is children's pocket money. They are given to the child to satisfy personal needs and requirements. For example, parents often give their children money for school lunches, buying stationery, sweets, and travel on public transport. Some children rationally distribute their pocket money, calculating how much they can spend on the thing they like, so that they have money left over for travel and a snack at school. Others spend all the money at once, on the very first day, without telling their parents how they spent the funds given to them.
Finding out all types of income and expenses will help all family members correctly calculate the family budget.
Mandatory and discretionary family expenses
Particular attention should be paid to family expenses when drawing up a family budget. The bulk of the funds is allocated for mandatory expenses, and the remaining money after them is already spent on discretionary expenses. Mandatory expenses are the acquisition by a family of necessary things that cannot be eliminated from daily needs. Usually, the bulk of the family's income is spent on them. Economists call the mandatory expenses of a family the subsistence level - a minimum set of food, clothing, things, services without which it is impossible to live. Mandatory types of expenses include:
- Payment for electricity, water, heating, gas;
- Payment of taxes;
- Purchasing the minimum amount of clothing required for household members;
- Buying food;
- Purchasing essentials, medicines, personal hygiene products;
- Payment for travel on public transport.
In different families, the amount of mandatory expenses may differ, it depends on the number of family members, their age and needs.
Voluntary expenses are the expenses of the family, on things and services that you can live without.
Arbitrary family expenses are considered to be funds spent on vacations, Internet and mobile communication services, luxury goods and jewelry, and branded items. To learn how to save a budget, a family must find out which expenses are discretionary and, if possible, reduce them.
Cooking
Try learning how to plan your menu for the week ahead. If, for example, you have to have cutlets on Thursday, then you need to remove the minced meat from the freezer on Wednesday evening. This way you can save time, because you don’t have to wait for the meat to defrost or go to the store.
When shopping for the week on the weekends, make a clear list. Create a menu for your family from inexpensive and healthy dishes that can be prepared fairly quickly.
Semi-finished products are not an option for a thrifty housewife. Despite all the advantages, semi-finished products have one main disadvantage - they are very harmful to health. So make your preparations for the week on the weekend. For example, together with your husband, make dumplings or dumplings, prepare cabbage rolls, and hide the preparations in the freezer. This will solve the issue of time and effort, when after work there is simply no opportunity to cook something.
Learn to cook in a slow cooker, because this device allows you to save time and effort. Early in the morning you can prepare an inexpensive and healthy breakfast - oatmeal, spending just a couple of minutes turning on the multicooker. This miracle of technology will do the rest for you. A bread maker also helps save both time and money, because delicious hot bread or buns are prepared in it without the participation of the hostess. Expert opinion Lyubov Korshunova Experienced housewife. There must be a strategic supply of food in the house. Simple groceries are purchased for the month. These are canned food, cereals, sugar and salt, pasta.
Responsibilities of a teenager
At every age, a person has certain responsibilities. What are the responsibilities of teenagers?
- obligation to receive basic general education, i.e. complete 9 years of high school.
- the duty to be a law-abiding citizen, i.e. not to commit crimes, offenses, or other actions that could harm other people, not to use or carry any type of weapon.
- the duty to respect the rights of other people, i.e. exercise your rights without harming the interests of others.
The teenager must also perform certain duties around the house:
- family traditions, respectful treatment of loved ones;
- clean up after yourself;
- protect family property;
- help when asked, unless there is a good reason for refusal.
It is in the family that personality development occurs, when a child learns to communicate and interact with other people. Depending on how a teenager develops relationships with his family, how he will feel in adulthood depends. If everyone in a family respects each other, fulfills their duties responsibly, if an atmosphere of voluntary cooperation and mutual assistance reigns, then a child raised in this family, as they say, “will not be lost” in life.
A few more tips
- Don't forget that men also know how to properly run a household. Therefore, do not take on tasks that are beyond your capabilities. Even if you can change the light bulb yourself, don't do it. A man should be able to fix an outlet, clean a sink, hang curtains, take out the trash, replace the same light bulb, etc. Do not free your husband from these tasks, otherwise he will quickly get out of the habit of them and you will have to carry everything on your shoulders.
- Periodically take inventory of things in your home. Carry a large bag and don’t hesitate to throw away unnecessary things. If you haven't used them for more than a year, then you're unlikely to need them again. Throw away boxes on the mezzanine, old Christmas tree decorations, cups with broken handles, and clothes you don’t want to wear. All things that do not bring you any benefit or joy should be sent to the package. Why do you need “dead weight”: read magazines, damaged video and audio tapes, discs, expired products?
- Clean your stove as often as possible. So, you will spend less time on this activity. It's always easier to rub it a little rather than pick out the dried centimeter greasy layer. Don't let your things get to such a dirty state. Always keep your refrigerator clean.
And most importantly, remember that in addition to cleanliness and comfort in the house, there should also be psychological comfort in it.
Source
Rational housekeeping
There are a number of rules for proper family farming. This is also evidenced by the meaning of the word economy (translated from Greek “oikos” - house, dwelling, “nomos” - rule, law). The funds used to run the household are called family resources. This is money (financial resources), household items (material resources), labor of family members (labor resources), etc. Family resources, as a rule, are limited; they are not always enough to meet its growing needs. In order to protect and increase the family’s wealth, it is important not only to earn a lot, but also to know the rules of housekeeping. Housekeeping according to the rules allows you to save family resources.
Wash
In order to properly and effectively organize her life, every housewife must learn how to wash things according to all the rules. Smart washing will not only save time and money, but will also extend the life of clothes and other items.
First of all, you should not believe the advertising gimmicks of manufacturers who are clearly guilty of wastefulness. Using a minimal amount of laundry detergent or fabric softener is often enough to get items clean. Don't put too much detergent in your machine.
Of course, the advent of automatic washing machines has made life much easier for modern housewives. But still there is no escape from hand washing. For example, washing panties, socks and tights. They don't start the car for such small things. Such small items are often washed by hand. The easiest way to do this is at night: lather the item with simple washing soap and leave it overnight. In the morning, all you have to do is rinse your socks or panties - they will be clean. This way you can save money, your energy, and time.
The most rational way to do laundry at home is once a week. While the house is being cleaned, you can turn on the washing machine. But many housewives prefer to do laundry by clothing category on different days of the week. For example, on Saturday, during cleaning, bed linen is changed - it can be loaded into the machine first.
When washing, you should follow simple rules to prevent clothes from becoming unusable:
- It is best to wash all small items in special bags for automatic washing machines.
- It is necessary to follow the manufacturer's recommendations regarding washing, which can be found on the product label.
- Items that shed heavily should only be washed by hand in cold water.
- To make bed linen last longer and get dirty less, add a little starch to the final rinse water.
If you don’t have the extra money to buy special fabric softeners and starch agents, then you can simply rinse the bed and terry towels in a saline solution - this will give the textiles softness and help maintain the brightness of the colors.
After each wash, the machine should be wiped dry with a clean cloth so that the equipment lasts longer. Also, after stopping the car, they check to see if there are any small items left in it.
Sales of products
It is also necessary to take into account that costs will change depending on the choice of a particular business. Chickens are generally inexpensive, and at the same time you can raise them yourself
This type of activity is ideal for residents of urban villages. It is convenient to sell eggs here, which is a good additional income. Basically, if the quality of the products is good, then all the eggs can be sold to their acquaintances and friends.
If we talk about milk, then things are a little more complicated here, since it is not always possible to sell the existing product, and buyers are not particularly generous. In addition, buyers have serious requirements for the properties of milk: fat content, absence of diseases, and so on. In most cases, all these tests for product quality are carried out at the expense of the farmer, so earnings per liter are not particularly large. But if the volumes are large, then the business is very profitable.
Rabbits are mainly raised for their meat. The animals are quite compact, so they do not require a large room to grow. You can also sell products in small quantities within your place of residence, by agreeing, for example, with distributors at the local agricultural market.
Take care of yourself
Even if you don’t plan to be lazy, this is not a reason not to look in the mirror and meet your husband in a disheveled state. A good housewife should look at home in such a way that it is unclear: has she just arrived or is she already leaving?
You don't need a lot of time to get yourself in order. Let it be a simple but neat hairstyle, well-groomed nails and light makeup. And finally, take the robe back to the bathroom - it belongs there. Wear more comfortable and neat clothes: a shirt with jeans, a T-shirt with shorts, or a house dress. And when passing by a mirror, smile at your reflection. They say that seeing a good housewife means a happy family life.
Used materials:
https://kuhniclub.ru/uhod/kak-stat-xoroshej-xozyajkoj.html https://kitchendecorium.ru/posts/kak-vse-uspevat-fly-lady.html
Home Economics for Girls
Despite numerous reforms that are being carried out in the modern education system, girls still receive skills in managing their own household in service classes. Future housewives receive initial information about family budget planning and learn to calculate their monthly budget. In addition, during labor lessons, girls learn the basics of cooking, implement recipes, and learn to embroider, sew, and knit.
The Federal State Educational Standard involves the development, implementation, and presentation by girls of their own project. Most often, it is based on the household. For example, a 5th grade technology project might involve creating a beautiful lace doily. The girl can give the finished product to her mother, grandmother, or sell it at a school fair, receiving a material reward for her work. Through these activities, children learn the basics of entrepreneurship that will help them create a successful household of their own in the future.
Together you are strong
Modern men have nothing in common with brutal workers who declare from the sofa, “The place of the mistress is at the stove.” Your husband, future or new, is actually a reasonable person. He understands perfectly well that your main job is no easier than the shock of everyday life at the kitchen stove.
Talk to him and distribute household responsibilities, and if he is a natural fighter for justice, take turns doing the work. It will be absolutely wonderful if you decide to do everything together. This will make it easier and faster, your husband will become more attentive, and your young family will only become stronger.
